---
title: 回退Ubuntu Linux kernel
createTime: 2024/09/04 17:57:37
tags:
    - ubuntu
---

## 背景

前段时间 Ubuntu22.4 自动更新内核后，nvidia 535.86 安装不上了，编译报错`ERROR: modpost: GPL-incompatible module nvidia.ko uses GPL-only symbol 'rcu_read_unlock_strict'`

大概有这么个公告：

> **Problem with 535 Nvidia drivers and 5.15.0-106 kernel**
> Recently, an ubuntu update to the 5.15.0-106 kernel produced the following error from the nvidia driver when it compiled the kernel module:
>
> ERROR: modpost: GPL-incompatible module nvidia.ko uses GPL-only symbol 'rcu_read_unlock_strict'
>
> We typically freeze our driver updates so that we can do them at planned downtimes – the fix was to unhold the held nvidia-driver packages and upgrade to nvidia-driver-550

在 forum 上也确定了确实是内核更新带来的 bug，所以简单粗暴回退内核更新尝试解决

## 回退 kernel

```bash
# 查看当前内核版本
uname -a
# 查看grub可选内核版本
grep menuentry /boot/grub/grub.cfg
```

输出类似下面这样：

> if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
> menuentry_id_option="--id"
> menuentry_id_option=""
> export menuentry_id_option
> menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-cdc0eb43-b3e9-4337-b245-bb62aeb7cff5' {
> submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-cdc0eb43-b3e9-4337-b245-bb62aeb7cff5' {
> menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-119-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-119-generic-advanced-cdc0eb43-b3e9-4337-b245-bb62aeb7cff5' {
> menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-119-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-119-generic-recovery-cdc0eb43-b3e9-4337-b245-bb62aeb7cff5' {
> menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-105-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-105-generic-advanced-cdc0eb43-b3e9-4337-b245-bb62aeb7cff5' {
> menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-105-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-105-generic-recovery-cdc0eb43-b3e9-4337-b245-bb62aeb7cff5' {
> menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-84-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-84-generic-advanced-cdc0eb43-b3e9-4337-b245-bb62aeb7cff5' {
> menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-84-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-84-generic-recovery-cdc0eb43-b3e9-4337-b245-bb62aeb7cff5' {
> menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-78-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-78-generic-advanced-cdc0eb43-b3e9-4337-b245-bb62aeb7cff5' {
> menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-78-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-78-generic-recovery-cdc0eb43-b3e9-4337-b245-bb62aeb7cff5' {
> menuentry 'UEFI Firmware Settings' $menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware' {

说明可选内核版本有`Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-119-generic`、`Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-105-generic`、`Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-84-generic`、`Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-78-generic`

```bash
# 查看nvidia驱动版本匹配
ls /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/
# 修改GRUB文件
sudo vi /etc/default/grub
```

修改`GRUB_DEFAULT=0`的`0`值为`"Advanced options for Ubuntu>合适的内核版本"`

```bash
# 更新grub
sudo update-grub
# 重启
sudo reboot
```